Misteri lubang hitam yang bertebaran di jagad raya dikatakan hampir mirip dengan konsep rentetan kejadian-kejadian aneh nan misterius yang terjadi di kawasan Segitiga Bermuda . Tapi berbeda dengan kasus-kasus di Segitiga Bermuda yang rata-rata menelan kapal laut maupun pesawat terbang, lubang hitam itu bisa dikatakan lebih hebat lagi, ia digambarkan berbentuk lubang gravitasi yang ukurannya dapat lebih luas/besar daripada matahari, serta ia mampu menarik dan menelan apa saja yang berada didekatnya, termasuk planet-planet.
Bahkan partikel cahayapun tidak mampu untuk meloloskan diri dari tarikan gravitasi lubang hitam yang super dasyat. Misteri yang menyelubungi terjadinya fenomena lubang hitam bagaimanapun juga hanya mampu dikaji dari jauh, lantaran kemampuan sains dan teknologi manusia masih belum mampu membawa mereka menghampiri lubang itu.
Teori lubang hitam dikemukakan lebih dua ratus tahun lalu. Pada 1783, ilmuwan Barat, John Mitchell mencetuskan teori mengenai kemungkinan wujudnya sebuah lubang hitam setelah beliau meneliti dan mengkaji teori gravitasi Isaac Newton. Beliau berpendapat, jika objek yang dilemparkan tegak lurus ke atas, maka ia akan terlepas dari pengaruh gravitasi Bumi setelah mencapai kecepatan lebih dari 11 kilometer perdetik, maka tentu ada planet atau bintang lain yang memiliki gravitasi lebih besar daripada Bumi. Istilah ‘lubang hitam’ pertama kali digunakan oleh ahli fisika Amerika Serikat, John Archibald Wheeler pada 1968.
Wheeler memberi nama demikian kerana lubang hitam tidak dapat dilihat, kerana cahaya turut tertarik ke dalamnya sehingga kawasan disekitarnya menjadi gelap. Menurut teori evolusi bintang, lubang hitam berasal dari sejenis bintang biru yang memiliki suhu permukaan lebih dari 25,000 derajat celcius. Ketika pembakaran hidrogen di bintang biru yang memakan waktu kira-kira 10 juta tahun selesai, ia menjadi bintang biru raksasa. Kemudian, bintang itu menjadi dingin dan menjadi bintang merah raksasa. Dalam fase itulah, akibat tarikan gravitasi-nya sendiri, bintang merah raksasa mengalami ledakan dahsyat atau disebut dengan Supernova dan menghasilkan dua jenis bintang yaitu bintang Netron dan lubang hitam.
Supernova Pengamatan dari teleskop sinar-X ruang angkasa selama lebih dari satu dekade menunjukkan kekuatan tarikan gravitasi lubang hitam menyebabkan banyak bintang yang hancur dan ditelan olehnya. Ahli-ahli astronomi sudah berhasil mengamati bagaimana proses lubang hitam menyedot gas yang berterbangan di sekitarnya. Gas yang disedot itu menjadi panas sehingga memancarkan radiasi dalam berbagai panjang gelombang, mulai dari gelombang radio hingga gelombang sinar-X. Berdasarkan pengamatan ahli-ahli astronomi dari Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Jerman , pernah menyaksikan sebuah bintang yang mendekati lubang hitam raksasa dan akhirnya lenyap ditelan. Lubang hitam raksasa yang berhasil disaksikan tersebut berada di pusat galaksi RX J1242-11 yang berjarak 700 juta tahun cahaya dari Bumi. Bintang itu memiliki ukuran sebesar Matahari sistem tata surya kita.
Bintang tersebut hancur sedikit demi sedikit dan ditarik ke dalam lubang selama beberapa hari. Pada tahap awal, ia kehilangan gas-gas yang berada di sekelilingnya. Setelah itu, bintang tersebut menjadi lebih panas jutaan darajat celcius dan ahirnya hilang ditelan lubang hitam. Dalam proses itu, ia melepaskan tenaga yang sangat kuat yaitu setara dengan tenaga yang dihasilkan pada ledakan Supernova. Ahli astronomi dapat memperkirakan kedudukan lubang hitam dengan cara memperhatikan cahaya di sekitar bintang ataupun gas di angkasa. Apabila suatu tempat di angkasa luar tidak ditemui cahaya tetapi di sekitarnya terdapat banyak objek-objek angkasa menuju ke satu titik dengan kecepatan tinggi sebelum ahirnya menghilang, maka titik tersebut tidak lain adalah lubang hitam.
Terdapat banyak lubang hitam di seluruh semesta ini, malah ada teori yang mengatakan di galaksi Bima Sakti juga terdapat sebuah lubang hitam! Lalu adakah kemungkinan jika nantinya matahari beserta planet-planet yang mengelilinginya termasuk bumi akan tertelan oleh lubang hitam tersebut? Saat ini, ahli astronomi memberikan jawaban, tidak kerana dibandingkan dengan Lubang hitam pada galaksi lain-nya, sifat lubang hitam di Galaksi Bima Sakti dikatakan sedang dalam keadaan tenang.
Misteri yang menyelubungi lubang hitam akan terus menarik minat para ahli astronomi untuk terus meneliti-nya sehingga mendapatkan suatu jawaban yang memuaskan. Selagi manusia belum mampu menjelajah jauh ke luar angkasa, maka jawaban itu gagal diperoleh dan berbagai teori tanpa bukti akan terus dikemukakan untuk memecahkan misteri alam semesta ini.
source: http://mal96.wordpress.com/2009/11/21/lubang-hitam/
The mystery of the Black Hole (Black Hole) in Space
The mysteries of black holes that dot the universe said to be almost similar to the concept of a series of strange events that happened in the mysterious Bermuda Triangle. But unlike the cases in the Bermuda Triangle is the average swallow ships or aircraft, it could be said to be a black hole even worse, he described gravity-shaped hole whose size can be larger / bigger than the sun, and he was able to attract and swallow What are close by, including the planets.Even particles cahayapun unable to escape the gravitational pull of black holes are super powerful. The mystery that surrounds the black hole phenomenon however can only be studied from afar, because the ability of human science and technology are still not able to bring them over to the hole.Black hole theory presented over two hundred years ago. In 1783, Western scientists, John Mitchell sparked theories about the possibility of his form a black hole after he was researching and reviewing the theory of gravitation Isaac Newton. He argues, if the object is thrown straight up, then he will escape from the gravitational influence of Earth after reaching speeds of more than 11 kilometers per second, then of course there is another planet or star that has a greater gravity than Earth. The term 'black hole' was first used by the U.S. physicist John Archibald Wheeler in 1968.Wheeler gave the name so kerana black hole can not be seen, kerana also attracted to light so that the area surrounding it became dark. According to the theory of stellar evolution, black holes comes from a kind of blue stars that have surface temperatures over 25,000 degrees Celsius. When burning hydrogen in a blue star which takes approximately 10 million years of completion, he became a giant blue star. Then, the star cools and becomes a red giant star. In that phase, due to the gravitational pull of its own, having a giant red star explosion called a supernova, producing two types of Neutrons stars are stars and black holes.Supernova Observations of X-ray telescope space for more than a decade demonstrates the power of the black hole's gravitational pull causes the star lot was destroyed and swallowed by it. Astronomy experts have succeeded in observing how the black holes that suck up gas floating around. Gas is sucked into heat so that it emits radiation in the range of wavelengths, from radio waves to X-rays. Based on astronomical observations of experts from the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Germany, have seen a star that is close to a giant black hole and eventually disappear. Giant black hole that had witnessed it at the center of galaxy RX J1242-11 which is 700 million light years from Earth.This star has a size of the Sun of our solar system.The star is destroyed little by little and pulled into the pit for several days. In the early stages, he lost the gases around it. After that, the star becomes hotter millions Darajat celcius and finally disappeared into a black hole. In the process, it releases a powerful force that is equivalent to the energy produced in supernova explosions. Astronomers can estimate the position of the black hole by looking at the light or gas around the star in the sky. If somewhere in outer space not found in the vicinity of light but there are a lot of space objects converge at high speed before ahirnya disappears, then the point is nothing but a black hole.There are a lot of black holes throughout the universe, instead there is the theory that the Milky Way also has a black hole! So is there any possibility if the future of the sun and its planets including the earth that surrounds it will be swallowed by the black hole? Currently, astronomers provide answers, not kerana compared with other galactic black holes in it, the nature of black holes in the Milky Way is said to be in a state of calm.The mystery that surrounds the black hole will continue to attract interest to astronomers to continue to examine its so get a satisfactory answer. While humans have not been able to crawl away into space, then it failed to obtain the answers and theories without evidence will continue to put forward to solve the mystery of the universe.source: http://mal96.wordpress.com/2009/11/21/lubang-hitam/
The mysteries of black holes that dot the universe said to be almost similar to the concept of a series of strange events that happened in the mysterious Bermuda Triangle. But unlike the cases in the Bermuda Triangle is the average swallow ships or aircraft, it could be said to be a black hole even worse, he described gravity-shaped hole whose size can be larger / bigger than the sun, and he was able to attract and swallow What are close by, including the planets.Even particles cahayapun unable to escape the gravitational pull of black holes are super powerful. The mystery that surrounds the black hole phenomenon however can only be studied from afar, because the ability of human science and technology are still not able to bring them over to the hole.Black hole theory presented over two hundred years ago. In 1783, Western scientists, John Mitchell sparked theories about the possibility of his form a black hole after he was researching and reviewing the theory of gravitation Isaac Newton. He argues, if the object is thrown straight up, then he will escape from the gravitational influence of Earth after reaching speeds of more than 11 kilometers per second, then of course there is another planet or star that has a greater gravity than Earth. The term 'black hole' was first used by the U.S. physicist John Archibald Wheeler in 1968.Wheeler gave the name so kerana black hole can not be seen, kerana also attracted to light so that the area surrounding it became dark. According to the theory of stellar evolution, black holes comes from a kind of blue stars that have surface temperatures over 25,000 degrees Celsius. When burning hydrogen in a blue star which takes approximately 10 million years of completion, he became a giant blue star. Then, the star cools and becomes a red giant star. In that phase, due to the gravitational pull of its own, having a giant red star explosion called a supernova, producing two types of Neutrons stars are stars and black holes.Supernova Observations of X-ray telescope space for more than a decade demonstrates the power of the black hole's gravitational pull causes the star lot was destroyed and swallowed by it. Astronomy experts have succeeded in observing how the black holes that suck up gas floating around. Gas is sucked into heat so that it emits radiation in the range of wavelengths, from radio waves to X-rays. Based on astronomical observations of experts from the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Germany, have seen a star that is close to a giant black hole and eventually disappear. Giant black hole that had witnessed it at the center of galaxy RX J1242-11 which is 700 million light years from Earth.This star has a size of the Sun of our solar system.The star is destroyed little by little and pulled into the pit for several days. In the early stages, he lost the gases around it. After that, the star becomes hotter millions Darajat celcius and finally disappeared into a black hole. In the process, it releases a powerful force that is equivalent to the energy produced in supernova explosions. Astronomers can estimate the position of the black hole by looking at the light or gas around the star in the sky. If somewhere in outer space not found in the vicinity of light but there are a lot of space objects converge at high speed before ahirnya disappears, then the point is nothing but a black hole.There are a lot of black holes throughout the universe, instead there is the theory that the Milky Way also has a black hole! So is there any possibility if the future of the sun and its planets including the earth that surrounds it will be swallowed by the black hole? Currently, astronomers provide answers, not kerana compared with other galactic black holes in it, the nature of black holes in the Milky Way is said to be in a state of calm.The mystery that surrounds the black hole will continue to attract interest to astronomers to continue to examine its so get a satisfactory answer. While humans have not been able to crawl away into space, then it failed to obtain the answers and theories without evidence will continue to put forward to solve the mystery of the universe.source: http://mal96.wordpress.com/2009/11/21/lubang-hitam/
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